AMC 10 Daily Practice Round 1

Complete problem set with solutions and individual problem pages

Problem 1 Medium

\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}{3-\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{15}}=            .

  • A.

    \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}

  • B.

    \sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}

  • C.

    \sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}

  • D.

    \sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}

  • E.

    \sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}

Answer:B

~~~~\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}{3-\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{15}}

=\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{3}(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5})-\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5})}

=\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}{(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})}

=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}.

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Problem 2 Medium

A hiking group consists of 6 men and 9 women. The average age of the men is 57 years, and the average age of the women is 52 years. What is the average age of all the members of the group?

  • A.

    54

  • B.

    54.4

  • C.

    55

  • D.

    55.2

  • E.

    56

Answer:A

To find the average age of all members of the group, we calculate the total age for both the men and the women.

The total age of the 6 men is: 6 \times 57 = 342 \text{ years}.

The total age of the 9 women is: 9 \times 52 = 468 \text{ years}.

The total age of the group is: 342 + 468 = 810 \text{ years}.

The total number of people in the group is: 6 + 9 = 15.

Therefore, the average age of all members is: \frac{810}{15} = 54 \text{ years}.

Thus, the average age of the group is \boxed{54}.

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Problem 3 Medium

How many digits are in the base-ten representation of {{25}^{16}}\times {{2}^{38}}?

  • A.

    30

  • B.

    32

  • C.

    34

  • D.

    36

  • E.

    38

Answer:C

{{25}^{16}}\times {{2}^{38}}={{25}^{16}}\times {{4}^{19}}=(2{{5}^{16}}\times {{4}^{16}})\times {{4}^{3}}={{(25\times 4)}^{16}}\times 64=64\times {{100}^{16}}=64\times {{10}^{32}}.

Thus, {{25}^{16}}\times {{2}^{38}} has 34 digits.

Choose \boxed{\text{B}}.

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Problem 4 Easy

A river features a waterfall with a height drop of approximately 30 meters and an average annual flow rate of 1010 cubic meters per second. What is the average annual flow rate in cubic meters per hour?

  • A.

    6.06\times {{10}^{4}}

  • B.

    3.136\times {{10}^{6}}

  • C.

    3.636\times {{10}^{6}}

  • D.

    36.36\times {{10}^{4}}

  • E.

    31.36\times {{10}^{6}}

Answer:C

The average annual flow rate of the waterfall is 1010 cubic meters per second. To express the flow rate in cubic meters per hour, we calculate: 1010 \times 60 \times 60 = 3636000 = 3.636 \times 10^6. Therefore, the answer is \boxed{\text{C}}.

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Problem 5 Easy

What is the minimum value of 3{{x}^{2}}+18x+264 in terms of x, which can be all real numbers?

  • A.

    224

  • B.

    237

  • C.

    243

  • D.

    246

  • E.

    264

Answer:B

3{{x}^{2}}+18x+264=3({{x}^{2}}+6x+9)+237

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=3{{(x+3)}^{2}}+237

∴ the answer is 237.

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Problem 6 Easy

A batch of parts was to be processed by Alice and Bob in the ratio 8:5. Alice processed 1600 parts, which is 25\% more than her originally assigned amount. Bob completed only 60\% of the parts he was assigned. How many parts did Bob actually process?

  • A.

    480

  • B.

    600

  • C.

    500

  • D.

    720

  • E.

    800

Answer:A

To find how many parts Bob processed, we first calculate Alice's originally assigned number of parts. Since Alice processed 1600 parts, which is 25\% more than her assigned amount, we compute her original share as 1600 \div (1 + 25\%) = 1280 parts. Given the ratio 8:5, Bob's assigned share is 1280 \times \frac{5}{8} = 800 parts. Since Bob only completed 60\% of his assigned share, the actual number of parts Bob processed is 800 \times 60\% = 480 parts. Therefore, Bob processed 480 parts.

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Problem 7 Easy

As shown in the figure, right triangle \triangle ABC is rotated clockwise around point A by a certain angle, resulting in right triangle \triangle ADE. Point B is mapped to point D, which lies exactly on side BC. Given that DE = 12 and \angle B = 60^\circ, what is the distance between point E and point C?

  • A.

    12

  • B.

    6\sqrt{3}

  • C.

    6

  • D.

    6\sqrt{2}

  • E.

    8

Answer:B

Since right triangle \triangle ABC is rotated clockwise around point A, the resulting triangle is \triangle ADE. We know that DE = BC = 12, and because AD = AB and AC = AE, and the angles \angle DAB and \angle EAC are equal, the triangles are similar. Given \angle B = 60^\circ, it follows that \angle ACB = 30^\circ. Therefore, AB = \frac{1}{2}BC = 6, and AC = \sqrt{3} \times AB = 6\sqrt{3}. Since AD = AB and \triangle ABD is equilateral (as \angle B = 60^\circ), we know \angle DAB = 60^\circ = \angle EAC, meaning \triangle ACE is also equilateral. Thus, AC = AE = EC = 6\sqrt{3}, so the distance between points E and C is 6\sqrt{3}. The answer is \boxed{9}.

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Problem 8 Easy

There are 4 keys and 4 locks, but you don't know which key opens which lock. Each key opens exactly one lock. What is the maximum number of attempts needed to match all the keys to their corresponding locks?

  • A.

    12

  • B.

    6

  • C.

    4

  • D.

    10

  • E.

    8

Answer:B

In the worst-case scenario, you would try the first key with 3 locks before finding the correct one, then set that key and lock aside. For the remaining 3 keys and locks, you would try the second key with 2 locks before finding the correct match, then set them aside as well. For the remaining 2 keys and locks, you would only need to try 1 lock before matching the key. The last key and lock do not require testing since they are the only pair left. Therefore, the maximum number of attempts needed is 3+2+1 = 6 attempts. Thus, the answer is \boxed{6}.

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Problem 9 Medium

A construction team was originally scheduled to lay a water pipeline in 18 days. After working for 6 days, two-thirds of the team was reassigned to other tasks. How many total days will it take to complete the pipeline?

  • A.

    24

  • B.

    30

  • C.

    36

  • D.

    27

  • E.

    42

Answer:E

Let the total work required be "1" unit. The original team's daily work rate is 1 \div 18 = \frac{1}{18}. After working for 6 days, they have completed \frac{1}{18} \times 6 = \frac{1}{3} of the total work. When two-thirds of the team is reassigned, the remaining team's efficiency is reduced to 1 - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{1}{3}, so their new work rate is \frac{1}{18} \times \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1}{54}. The remaining work to be done is 1 - \frac{1}{3} = \frac{2}{3}, and at the new work rate, it will take \frac{2}{3} \div \frac{1}{54} = 36 days to complete the remaining work. Therefore, the total time required to complete the pipeline is 6 + 36 = 42 days.

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Problem 10 Medium

How many integer values of n satisfy the equation of {{\left( {{n}^{2}}-n-1 \right)}^{n+2}}=1?

  • A.

    0

  • B.

    1

  • C.

    2

  • D.

    3

  • E.

    4

Answer:E

n+2=0, {{n}^{2}}-n-1\ne 0, n=-2,

{{n}^{2}}-n-1=1, n=-1, n=2;

{{n}^{2}}-n-1=-1 and n+2 is even, n=0.

Thus, n=-1, -2, 0, 2. There are \boxed{E: 4} integer values of n.

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Problem 11 Medium

For {{2}^{a}}\times {{3}^{b}}\times {{7}^{c}}=1176, where a, b, and c are positive integers, what is the value of 2a+3b+7c?

  • A.

    21

  • B.

    23

  • C.

    25

  • D.

    28

  • E.

    30

Answer:B

1176={{2}^{3}}\times 3\times {{7}^{2}}, a=3, b=1, c=2, then 2a+3b+7c=23.

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Problem 12 Easy

In \triangle ABC, the incircle \odot O is tangent to sides BC, CA, and AB at points D, E, and F, respectively. Given that AB = 8, BC = 17, and CA = 15, what is the area of the shaded region (quadrilateral AEOF)?

  • A.

    3

  • B.

    36

  • C.

    12

  • D.

    9

  • E.

    6

Answer:D

Given that AB = 8, BC = 17, and CA = 15, we can apply the Pythagorean theorem: AB^2 + CA^2 = BC^2. Thus, \triangle ABC is a right triangle, with \angle A = 90^\circ.

Since the incircle \odot O is tangent to sides AB, AC, and BC at points F, E, and D, respectively, and since OF \perp AB and OE \perp AC, quadrilateral OFAE is a square.

Let OE = r, so AE = AF = r. The incircle \odot O is tangent to sides BC, CA, and AB at points D, E, and F. Thus, we have: BD = BF = 8 - r, \quad CD = CE = 15 - r. From the equation BD + CD = BC, we have: (8 - r) + (15 - r) = 17, which simplifies to: 23 - 2r = 17 \quad \Rightarrow \quad r = \frac{8 + 15 - 17}{2} = 3.

Therefore, the area of the shaded region (quadrilateral AEOF) is the area of the square, which is: r^2 = 3 \times 3 = 9.

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Problem 13 Medium

Real numbers x and y satisfy {{2}^{3x-5y}}=2048 and {{3}^{x-2y}}=27. What is the value of {{4}^{x-y}}?

  • A.

    128

  • B.

    256

  • C.

    512

  • D.

    1024

  • E.

    2048

Answer:D

\begin{eqnarray} {{2}^{3x-5y}}&=&2048\\ {{2}^{3x-5y}}&=&{{2}^{11}}\\ 3x-5y&=&11, \end{eqnarray}

\begin{eqnarray}{{3}^{x-2y}}&=&27\\ {{3}^{x-2y}}&=&{{3}^{3}}\\ x-2y&=&3,\end{eqnarray}

then, x=7, y=2.

Thus, {{4}^{x-y}}={{4}^{7-2}}={{4}^{5}}=1024.

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Problem 14 Medium

Using numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, how many four-digit numbers can be formed without repetition, that are greater then 3000, but less than 5421?

  • A.

    180

  • B.

    175

  • C.

    160

  • D.

    100

  • E.

    90

Answer:B

There are four cases:

 

1. When the thousands digit is 3 or 4, the remaining three digits can be chosen freely without repetition:

2 \times 5 \times 4 \times 3 = 120 numbers.

 

2. When the thousands digit is 5 and the hundreds digit is 0, 1, 2, or 3, the remaining two digits can be chosen freely without repetition:

1 \times 4 \times 4 \times 3 = 48 numbers.

 

3. When the thousands digit is 5, the hundreds digit is 4, and the tens digit is 0 or 1, the units digit can be freely chosen from the remaining options:

1 \times 1 \times 2 \times 3 = 6 numbers.

 

4. The number 5420 also satisfies the given conditions.

 

Thus, the total number of valid four-digit numbers is:

 

120 + 48 + 6 + 1 = 175.

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Problem 15 Medium

From all triangles with integer side lengths and a perimeter of 24, one is selected at random. What is the probability that the triangle is a right triangle?

  • A.

    \frac{1}{4}

  • B.

    \frac{1}{6}

  • C.

    \frac{1}{10}

  • D.

    \frac{1}{12}

  • E.

    \frac{1}{15}

Answer:D

Let the side lengths of the triangle be a, b, and c, where a \geq b \geq c. From the perimeter condition, we have 3a \geq a + b + c = 24 and 2a < a + (b + c) = 24, which gives 8 \leq a < 12. Therefore, the possible values for a are 8, 9, 10, and 11. The valid sets of side lengths (a, b, c) are: (8, 8, 8), (9, 9, 6), (9, 8, 7), (10, 10, 4), (10, 9, 5), (10, 8, 6), (10, 7, 7), (11, 11, 2), (11, 10, 3), (11, 9, 4), (11, 8, 5), (11, 7, 6), for a total of 12 combinations. Among these, only one set of side lengths forms a right triangle. Therefore, the probability that a randomly chosen triangle is a right triangle is \frac{1}{12}.

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Problem 16 Hard

21!={{12}^{n}}\cdot M, where M is a positive integer. When n is the greatest positive integer that makes this equation valid, which of the following is the factor of M?

  • A.

    2

  • B.

    3

  • C.

    2 and 4

  • D.

    2 and 3

  • E.

    neither 2, nor 3

Answer:E

The number of factors of 2 in p:

\left[ 21\div 2 \right]+\left[ 21\div 4 \right]+\left[ 21\div 8 \right]+\left[ 21\div 16 \right]

=10+5+2+1

=18

The number of factors of 3 in p:

\left[ 21\div 3 \right]+\left[ 21\div 9 \right]

=7+2

=9.

 

Since 12 is composed of 2^2 \times 3, each group of two 2's and one 3 forms a factor of 12. The number of complete groups we can form is:

 

\min\left(\frac{18}{2}, 9\right) = \min(9,9) = 9.

 

Thus, we can form 9 complete groups of 12, meaning:

 

n = 9.

 

Since all factors of 2 and 3 have been used to form 12, the remaining factor M does not contain 2 or 3, meaning M is not a multiple of 2 or 3.

 

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Problem 17 Hard

As shown in the diagram ①, a floor is tiled using a patterned tile. If the tiles are arranged to form a 2 \times 2 square (as shown in Diagram ②), there are a total of 5 complete circles. If the tiles are arranged to form a 3 \times 3 square (as shown in Diagram ③), there are a total of 13 complete circles. If the tiles are arranged to form a 4 \times 4 square (as shown in Diagram ④), there are a total of 25 complete circles.

If the tiles are arranged to form a 15 \times 15 square, how many complete circles are there?

  • A.

    365

  • B.

    366

  • C.

    421

  • D.

    425

  • E.

    440

Answer:C

As shown in the diagram, the size of the square pattern and the number of circles can be summarized in the following table:

\begin{array}{c|c} \text{Square Size} & \text{Number of Circles} \\ \hline 1 \times 1 & 1 \\ 2 \times 2 & 5 = 1 + 4 = 1^2 + 2^2 \\ 3 \times 3 & 13 = 4 + 9 = 2^2 + 3^2 \\ 4 \times 4 & 25 = 9 + 16 = 3^2 + 4^2 \\ \end{array}

From this pattern, we observe that for an n \times n square, the number of circles is given by (n-1)^2 + n^2. Thus, when n = 15, the number of circles is 14^2 + 15^2 = 421. Therefore, the answer is \boxed{421}.

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Problem 18 Medium

If k is a positive integer such that the product 935 \times 972 \times 975 \times k has its last four digits as zeros, what is sum of the digits of the minimum value of k?

  • A.

    2

  • B.

    6

  • C.

    10

  • D.

    15

  • E.

    18

Answer:A

935 = 5 \times 11 \times 17,

972 = 2^2 \times 3^5,

975 = 3 \times 5^2 \times 13.

To ensure that the last four digits are zeros, at least two more factors of 2 and one more factor of 5 are needed.

Thus, the minimum value of k is: 2^2 \times 5 = 20.

Therefore, the answer is 20.

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Problem 19 Medium

You have four bills each of denominations 1 dollar, 2 dollars, and 5 dollars. How many different ways can you use these bills to make a total of 23 dollars?

  • A.

    2

  • B.

    5

  • C.

    3

  • D.

    6

  • E.

    4

Answer:B

To pay 23 dollars, we can use up to 4 bills of 5 dollars each. Since using all 1-dollar and 2-dollar bills totals 12 dollars, at least 3 bills of 5 dollars must be used. When using 3 bills of 5 dollars, the total value of the 5-dollar bills is 5 \times 3 = 15 dollars, leaving 23 - 15 = 8 dollars to be made up with 1-dollar and 2-dollar bills. We can use the 2-dollar bills as follows: 23 = 15 + (2+2+2+2), \quad 23 = 15 + (2+2+2+1+1), \quad 23 = 15 + (2+2+1+1+1+1), giving us 3 different payment methods. When using 4 bills of 5 dollars, the total value is 5 \times 4 = 20 dollars, leaving 23 - 20 = 3 dollars. We can pay this using: 23 = 20 + (2+1), \quad 23 = 20 + (1+1+1), giving us 2 more payment methods. Therefore, the total number of distinct payment methods is 3 + 2 = 5.

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Problem 20 Medium

Represent 77 as the sum of n consecutive positive integers, where n \geq 2. How many possible values of n are there?

  • A.

    4

  • B.

    3

  • C.

    2

  • D.

    1

  • E.

    0

Answer:B

77=\frac{11\times 7\times 2}{2}.

77=\frac{(11\times 7)\times 2}{2}=\frac{(38+39)\times 2}{2}=38+39;

77=\frac{(11\times 2)\times 7}{2}=\frac{(8+14)\times 7}{2}=8+9+10+11+12+13+14;

77=\frac{(2\times 7)\times 11}{2}=\frac{(2+12)\times 11}{2}=2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12.

Thus, there are 3 possible values of n.

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Problem 21 Easy

Consider the quadratic equation 3x^2 - 5x + a = 0. One root lies in the interval (-2, 0) and the other lies in the interval (1, 3).  Which of the following values of a is NOT possible?

  • A.

    -10

  • B.

    -6

  • C.

    -3

  • D.

    -1

  • E.

    1

Answer:E

The quadratic equation 3x^2 - 5x + a = 0 has one root in the interval (-2, 0) and another root in the interval (1, 3). This is equivalent to the graph of the function f(x) = 3x^2 - 5x + a intersecting the x-axis at points such that one intersection lies within (-2, 0) and the other within (1, 3). Since the graph of f(x) is an upward-opening parabola, to satisfy these conditions, we need: \begin{cases} f(-2) > 0 \\ f(0) < 0 \\ f(1) < 0 \\ f(3) > 0 \end{cases} Calculating each condition, we get: \begin{cases} 22 + a > 0 \\ a < 0 \\ -2 + a < 0 \\ 12 + a > 0 \end{cases} Solving this system of inequalities yields -12 < a < 0. Therefore, the range of possible values for a is (-12, 0). Thus, the final answer is \boxed{D:1}, which is out of the range.

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Problem 22 Medium

 

Given that \{a_n\} and \{b_n\} are arithmetic sequences,

a_1 = 1, \quad b_1 = 2, \quad a_3 + b_3 = 5.

What is the value of a_{2023} + b_{2023}?

  • A.

    2027

  • B.

    2026

  • C.

    2025

  • D.

    2024

  • E.

    2023

Answer:C

Because \left\{ {{a}_{n}} \right\} and \left\{ {{b}_{n}} \right\} are arithmetic sequences, then \left\{ {{a}_{n}}+{{b}_{n}} \right\} is an arithmetic sequences.

a_{1}+b_{1}=3, {{a}_{3}}+{{b}_{3}}=5. Thus, the common difference of \left\{ {{a}_{n}}+{{b}_{n}} \right\} is 1,

{{a}_{2023}}+{{b}_{2023}}={{a}_{3}}+{{b}_{3}}+2020\times 1=2025,

Choose \boxed{\text{B}}.

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Problem 23 Medium

How many ordered pairs of positive integers (x, y) satisfy the equation x^2 + 615 = 2^y?

  • A.

    0

  • B.

    1

  • C.

    2

  • D.

    3

  • E.

    4

Answer:B

Consider the given equation x^2 + 615 = 2^y. Taking the equation modulo 3, we get: x^2 \equiv 2^y \pmod{3}. Since 3 \nmid 2^y, it follows that 3 \nmid x^2, so: x^2 \equiv 1 \pmod{3}. This implies that 2^y \equiv 1 \pmod{3}, which means that y must be even. Let y = 2m, where m \in \mathbb{N}^*. Substituting into the original equation, we get: (2^m - x)(2^m + x) = 615 = 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 41. We need to find pairs (2^m - x, 2^m + x) that satisfy this factorization. Solving for 2^m, we get: \begin{cases} 2^m - x = 5 \\ 2^m + x = 123 \end{cases} Adding and subtracting these equations, we find: 2^m = 64 \implies m = 6 \quad \text{and} \quad x = 59. Thus, y = 2m = 12, giving the solution (x, y) = (59, 12).

Therefore, there is only one positive integer solution, so the answer is \boxed{\text{B}}.

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Problem 24 Medium

There is a right-angled triangular metal sheet \triangle ABC with legs AB = 4 cm and BC = 3 cm, where m\angle B = 90^\circ.

Now, a square is to be cut from the triangle as shown in the figure.

What is the side length of the square?

  • A.

    \frac{6}{7}

  • B.

    \frac{30}{37}

  • C.

    \frac{12}{7}

  • D.

    \frac{60}{37}

  • E.

    \frac{28}{37}

Answer:D

As shown in the figure, draw BP perpendicular to AC from point B, with P as the foot of the perpendicular.

 

Line BP intersects DE at Q.

{{A}_{\triangle ABC}}=\frac{1}{2}AB\cdot BC=\frac{1}{2}AC\cdot BP.

BP=\frac{AB\cdot BC}{AC}=\frac{4\times 3}{5}=\frac{12}{5}.

DE||AC,

m\angle BDE=m\angle Am\angle BED=m\angle C,

\triangle BDE\backsim \triangle BAC,

\frac{DE}{AC}=\frac{BQ}{BP}.

Assume DE=x, \frac{x}{5}=\frac{\frac{12}{5}-x}{\frac{12}{5}},

x=\frac{60}{37},

Choose \boxed{\text{D}:\frac{60}{37}}.

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Problem 25 Easy

Five volunteers are randomly assigned to three different Olympic venues for reception work. What is the probability that each venue has at least one volunteer?

  • A.

    \frac{3}{5}

  • B.

    \frac{1}{15}

  • C.

    \frac{5}{8}

  • D.

    \frac{50}{81}

  • E.

    \frac{3}{20}

Answer:D

There are 3^5 = 243 ways to randomly assign 5 volunteers to 3 different Olympic venues.

To ensure that each venue has at least one volunteer, we consider two possible cases:

Case 1: One venue gets 3 volunteers, while the other two venues each get 1 volunteer.

Select which venue gets 3 volunteers: _3C_1.

Select which 3 volunteers go to that venue: _5C_1

Assign the remaining 2 volunteers to the remaining 2 venues: _2A_2

Total ways for this case: _3C_1 \times _5C_3 \times _2A_2 = 3 \times 10 \times 2 = 60.

Case 2: One venue gets 1 volunteer, while the other two venues each get 2 volunteers.

Select which venue gets 1 volunteer: _3C_1

Select which volunteer goes to that venue: _5C_1

Select 2 out of the remaining 4 volunteers for the second venue: _4C_2

The last 2 volunteers automatically go to the remaining venue.

Total ways for this case:

_3C_1 \times _5C_1 \times _4C_2 = 3 \times 5 \times 6 = 90.

The total number of favorable assignments is: 60 + 90 = 150.

Thus, the probability that each venue receives at least one volunteer is:

P = \frac{150}{243} = \frac{50}{81}.

Choose \boxed{D:\frac{50}{81}}.

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