AMC 8 Daily Practice Round 11

Complete problem set with solutions and individual problem pages

Problem 19 Medium

Vivi forgot the password to her safe, but she remembers that it consists of four nonzero digits, and the sum of the digits is 9. What is the minimum number of attempts needed to guarantee opening the safe?

  • A.

    52

  • B.

    53

  • C.

    54

  • D.

    55

  • E.

    56

Answer:E

To find all possible passwords, we need to determine combinations of four nonzero digits that sum to 9. The valid combinations are 1, 1, 1, 6; 1, 1, 2, 5; 1, 1, 3, 4; 1, 2, 2, 4; 1, 2, 3, 3; and 2, 2, 2, 3, resulting in six groups. For the combination 1, 1, 1, 6, the digit 6 can occupy any of the 4 positions, giving 4 possibilities. For 1, 1, 2, 5, 2 can occupy 4 positions, 5 can occupy 3 remaining positions, and 1 fills the rest, yielding 4 \times 3 = 12 possibilities. Similarly, each of 1, 1, 3, 4, 1, 2, 2, 4, and 1, 2, 3, 3 also has 12 possibilities. For 2, 2, 2, 3, 3 can occupy any of the 4 positions, giving 4 possibilities. By the addition principle, the total number of passwords is:

4 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 4 = 56.

Thus, Vivi needs to try at least 56 attempts to guarantee opening the safe.